Ann Marie Wolf, Prevention Coordinator
Army Substance Abuse Program Drug of the Quarter: Ephedrine
The following information is taken from the Army Center for Substance Abuse E-prevention newsletter.
What is Ephedrine?
Ephedrine, a central nervous system stimulant, is the principal active constituent found within Ephedra. Ephedrine can be found in many over the counter products, typically within several medicines (decongestion, asthma, concentration aid, bronchial issues) and supplements (weight/fat loss, appetite suppressant, energy products) that are typically used within the body building community.
History of Ephedrine
Ephedrine, or Ma Huang, was first documented to be used by the Chinese, who have used the drug to treat bronchial problems for thousands of years. Within North America, widespread use of Ephedrine based products has only recently grown in popularity. This rise in use came at the same time that other herbal supplements such as ginseng rose in popularity.
Today, ephedrine and its stimulants effects are sometimes abused as a way to get high with a legal product. For example, ephedrine has been linked to products such as herbal ecstasy and is a primary ingredient of methamphetamine.
How is Ephedrine Consumed?
Because of its use within over the counter medication and supplements, the primary method of ingestion is orally either by pill or liquid form. But, like many other drugs, ephedrine based products can be ingested in a variety of ways:
> Inhaled – primarily used to treat asthma and other bronchial conditions.
> Injected – ephedrine based products are sometimes ingested intravenously to assist in reversing hypotension from spinal anesthesia.
What are the Effects of Ephedrine?
Because it is found in so many over the counter products, it is common belief that ephedrine is a safe drug to use. Unfortunately, a recent FDA funded study showed that there are several adverse effects that can be directly associated with ephedrine use, including: tremors, anxiety, insomnia, hypertension, palpitations, cardiac arrest, stroke and seizure.
Is Ephedrine Legal to Use?
According to the FDA, ephedrine itself has never been illegal and can be found in many over the counter medications. Purchase of products containing the drug, however, is severely limited.
Where Can I find More Information?
For more information contact the Army Substance Abuse Office at 245-4576.
